BIOGAZ TEXNOLOGIYALARINING RIVOJLANISH TARIXI.

Abstract

Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqolada biogaz texnologiyalarining tarixiy rivojlanish bosqichlari, qadimgi davrlardan boshlab zamonaviy davrgacha bo‘lgan taraqqiyot jarayonlari tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada qadimgi Xitoy va Hindistonda organik chiqindilarni qayta ishlash asosida yuzaga kelgan dastlabki fermentatsiya jarayonlari, XVII–XIX asrlarda olib borilgan ilmiy tadqiqotlar hamda XX asrda biogaz texnologiyalarining sanoat miqyosida qo‘llanilishi yoritilgan. Shuningdek, Yevropa, AQSh, Xitoy va Hindistonda biogaz energetikasining rivojlanishi, qayta tiklanuvchi energiya manbalari tizimidagi o‘rni hamda O‘zbekistonda ushbu sohani rivojlantirish bo‘yicha amalga oshirilayotgan davlat siyosati va me’yoriy-huquqiy asoslar tahlil etilgan. Maqolada biogaz texnologiyalarining ekologik xavfsizlikni ta’minlash, energiya tejamkorligini oshirish va “yashil iqtisodiyot”ni rivojlantirishdagi ahamiyati yoritib berilgan.

Abstract. This article analyzes the historical stages of development of biogas technologies, their development processes from ancient times to the modern era. The article covers the initial fermentation processes that arose in ancient China and India based on the processing of organic waste, scientific research conducted in the 17th–19th centuries, and the industrial application of biogas technologies in the 20th century. It also analyzes the development of biogas energy in Europe, the USA, China, and India, its role in the system of renewable energy sources, and the state policy and regulatory framework for the development of this sector in Uzbekistan. The article highlights the importance of biogas technologies in ensuring environmental safety, increasing energy efficiency, and developing a "green economy".