THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MODERN LANGUAGE LEARNING: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

Abstract

Abstract:This paper explores the comprehensive integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in English as a Second Language (ESL) education within higher education ecosystems. It systematically analyzes how cutting-edge AI-powered tools—ranging from generative large language models (LLMs) and intelligent chatbots to advanced Automated Writing Evaluation (AWE) systems and personalized learning platforms—are transforming traditional pedagogical methodologies. Utilizing a mixed-methods research framework, the study synthesizes contemporary scholastic literature with a qualitative case study focused on student engagement and proficiency trajectories. The empirical findings indicate that AI environments drastically enhance contextual vocabulary acquisition, grammar internalizaton, and oral communication confidence by establishing a statistically lower affective filter. Conversely, critical challenges regarding algorithmic bias, systemic data privacy vulnerabilities, academic dishonesty, and the complete absence of socio-emotional pedagogy are rigorously examined.