CATARACT: ETIOLOGY, CLINICAL FEATURES, DIAGNOSIS AND MODERN TREATMENT METHODS

Abstract

Cataract is one of the most common ophthalmologic diseases and the leading cause of reversible blindness worldwide. It is characterized by partial or complete opacity of the crystalline lens, resulting in impaired vision. Cataract mainly affects elderly individuals, although congenital and secondary forms may also occur. This article discusses the etiology, classification, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and modern treatment approaches of cataract. Special attention is paid to surgical management and preventive measures.