TERMIZ SHAHRI INFRATUZILMASINING ISSIQ IQLIM SHAROITIDAGI HOZIRGI HOLATI VA BARQARORLIK MUAMMOLARINING EMPIRIK TAHLILI
Keywords:
Kalit so'zlar: Termiz, issiq iqlim, urbanistik infratuzilma, barqarorlik, shahar issiqlik oroli, iqlim moslashish, masofadan zondlash, GIS-tahlil, SWOT-tahlil, BWh iqlim tasnifi., Keywords: Termez, hot climate, urban infrastructure, sustainability, urban heat island, climate adaptation, remote sensing, GIS analysis, SWOT analysis, BWh climate classification., Ключевые слова: Термез, жаркий климат, городская инфраструктура, устойчивость, городской остров тепла, климатическая адаптация, дистанционное зондирование, ГИС-анализ, SWOT-анализ, климатическая классификация BWh.Abstract
Ushbu tezisda Termiz shahri (37°13′ shimoliy kenglik, 67°16′ sharqiy uzunlik) infratuzilmasining issiq iqlim sharoitidagi hozirgi holati empirik tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotning maqsadi — Köppen-Geiger tasnifiga ko'ra BWh (issiq cho'l) iqlimi sharoitida joylashgan shahar muhandislik-kommunal, transport, yashil va ijtimoiy infratuzilmasining iqlim o'zgarishiga moslashish darajasini baholashdan iborat. Tadqiqot uslubiyatida 1974-2024-yillarni qamrab oluvchi NASA POWER va O'zgidromet ma'lumotlari, Landsat-8 sun'iy yo'ldoshi termal kanali yordamida masofadan zondlash tahlili, GIS-modellashtirish hamda SWOT-tahlil usullari qo'llanilgan. Asosiy natijalar shuni ko'rsatadiki, so'nggi 50 yil ichida shahar o'rtacha yillik harorati +2,3°C ga oshgan, +40°C dan yuqori kunlar soni 2,3 barobarga ko'paygan, "shahar issiqlik oroli" effekti markaziy hududlarda 7-12°C ga yetgan. Suv ta'minoti tarmoqlarida suv yo'qotilishi 42-47% ni tashkil etadi, asfalt qoplamalar yuza harorati +70°C gacha qiziydi, aholi jon boshiga yashil maydon JST tavsiya etgan me'yorlardan past darajada. Issiqlik bilan bog'liq sog'liqni saqlash holatlari 2018-2023-yillar oralig'ida 2,3 barobarga oshgan. Xulosa qilib aytganda, Termiz shahri infratuzilmasi joriy holatda iqlim o'zgarishi ta'sirlariga moslashishda jiddiy kamchiliklarga ega va kompleks innovatsion yondashuvlarni talab etadi.
This thesis presents an empirical analysis of the current state of urban infrastructure in Termez city (37°13′ N, 67°16′ E) under hot climate conditions. The objective of the research is to assess the climate adaptation capacity of the city's engineering-communal, transport, green, and social infrastructure systems, situated within the Köppen-Geiger BWh (hot desert) climate classification. The research methodology incorporates climate data from NASA POWER and Uzhydromet covering the period 1974-2024, thermal channel remote sensing analysis using Landsat-8 satellite imagery, GIS-modeling, and SWOT analysis. Key findings indicate that the city's mean annual temperature has increased by +2.3°C over the last 50 years, the number of days exceeding +40°C has increased 2.3-fold, and the urban heat island (UHI) effect reaches 7-12°C in central districts. Water losses in the supply network constitute 42-47%, asphalt surface temperatures reach +70°C, and per capita green space falls below WHO-recommended norms. Heat-related medical incidents increased 2.3-fold between 2018 and 2023. In conclusion, Termez city's infrastructure exhibits significant deficiencies in climate adaptation and requires comprehensive innovative approaches.
В настоящем тезисе представлен эмпирический анализ современного состояния инфраструктуры города Термез (37°13′ с.ш., 67°16′ в.д.) в условиях жаркого климата. Целью исследования является оценка степени адаптации инженерно-коммунальной, транспортной, зелёной и социальной инфраструктуры города, расположенного в климатической зоне BWh (жаркая пустыня) по классификации Кёппена-Гайгера, к климатическим изменениям. В методологии исследования использованы климатические данные NASA POWER и Узгидромета за период 1974-2024 годов, дистанционное зондирование с применением термального канала спутника Landsat-8, ГИС-моделирование и SWOT-анализ.
