TYPHOID AND PARATYPHOID: DEFINITION, TRANSMISSION MECHANISM, AND PREVENTION

Abstract

This article provides an overview of typhoid and paratyphoid fevers, their etiology, pathogenesis, routes of transmission, and preventive measures. These infectious diseases cause systemic intoxication and inflammation of the intestinal tract. The paper discusses epidemiological aspects, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and effective sanitary-hygienic and vaccination-based prevention strategies. The aim is to raise public awareness and improve preventive actions against these diseases, which remain significant public health concerns in developing regions.