DIFFERENCES BETWEEN FIRST AND SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

Abstract

This study explores the key differences between first language (L1) acquisition and second language (L2) acquisition from a psycholinguistic perspective. First language acquisition is a natural, subconscious process that occurs during early childhood, while second language acquisition is often a conscious and structured process influenced by various external factors. The research examines the role of age, environment, motivation, and cognitive development in shaping language learning outcomes. A qualitative approach is used to analyze theoretical frameworks and previous studies. The findings indicate that L1 acquisition is faster and more intuitive, whereas L2 learning requires effort, practice, and exposure. The study contributes to understanding how different factors influence language acquisition and highlights the importance of effective learning strategies in second language education