INGLIZ VA O‘ZBEK XALQ OG‘ZAKI IJODI QIYOSIY TAHLILI

Abstract

This article conducts a comparative typological analysis of the main genres of English and Uzbek oral folk literature – heroic epics/dastans, magic fairy tales, and cumulative tales. The primary aim is to identify universal archetypes in the oral traditions of the two cultures, such as the struggle between good and evil, the hero’s trials, and magic helper motifs, while revealing differences arising from cultural-historical contexts, particularly the contrast between individual heroism and collective loyalty. The material includes the English epic Beowulf, Robin Hood ballads, the tales “Nix Naught Nothing,” “Henny-Penny,” and “The Old Woman and Her Pig,” as well as the Uzbek dastans “Alpomish” and “Go‘ro‘g‘li,” the tale “Zumrad va Qimmat,” magic comb-motif tales, and cumulative tales such as “Susambil” and “Ur to‘qmoq”.  Using Vladimir Propp’s morphology of the folktale, Stith Thompson’s motif-index, comparative analysis, and functional comparison of texts, the study shows that hero’s trials, the function of magic objects (comb, hair dagger, sword), and moral victory are common in both traditions and serve as vehicles for educational and social values. Differences stem from cultural environments: fatalistic individualism prevails in English epics, whereas Uzbek dastans center on family honor, collective justice, and the restoration of nomadic spirit. The study confirms the universal and culture-specific aspects of folklore and provides a foundation for intercultural dialogue and education