CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES IN DEVELOPING SPEAKING PROFICIENCY IN YOUNG LEARNERS

Abstract

This article examines the challenges and pedagogical strategies for developing speaking skills in primary English education. In the globalized era, communicative competence is a primary educational goal; however, young learners (ages 6-12) often encounter psychological and environmental barriers. These include foreign language anxiety, communication apprehension, and limited exposure to authentic language. The study analyzes internal and external factors influencing oral development and reviews evidence-based teaching methods. Key strategies discussed include scaffolding, gamification, differentiated instruction, and digital tool integration. The findings emphasize that student-centered approaches reduce anxiety and foster a positive, language-rich environment for long-term communicative proficiency.