HISTORICAL-CULTURAL AND ONOMASTIC FEATURES OF THE HEORTONYMS NAVRUZ AND MEHRJAN IN THE WORK “THE CHRONOLOGY OF ANCIENT NATIONS”

Abstract

This article examines the historical-cultural and onomastic features of the heortonyms Navruz and Mehrjan, recorded in the work “The Chronology of Ancient Nations” by the great encyclopedic scholar Abu Rayhan al-Biruni. Based on the information provided in the work concerning the calendars, festivals, customs, and rituals of ancient peoples, the article analyzes the origin, naming, essence, and role of the Navruz and Mehrjan festivals in the life of the people. It also highlights the etymological characteristics of these heortonyms, the forms in which they were used among different peoples and in various regions, and their connection with natural phenomena, seasonal changes, agricultural culture, and ancient worldviews.