HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE FAKE NEWS PHENOMENON

Abstract

The phenomenon commonly referred to as “fake news” has attracted considerable scholarly and public attention in recent years, particularly in the context of digital media and political communication. This article offers a historical-developmental overview of the fake news phenomenon, tracing its roots from early mass‐communication tactics through its current digital-era manifestations, and then examining its evolution in the so-called post-truth era. Through a review of key literature, we explore definitional challenges, drivers (technological, social, political), and consequences for democracy and public discourse. The discussion highlights how fake news is not simply a new phenomenon but a transformation of longstanding practices. Findings suggest that the phenomenon’s characteristics have shifted, with virality and affective contagion becoming as important as factual falsity. The conclusion points to implications for media literacy, regulatory policy, and further research.