SURGICAL STABILIZATION OF FRACTURES OF THE LOWER THORACIC AND LUMBAR SPINE

Abstract

Fractures of the lower thoracic (T10–T12) and lumbar (L1–L5) spine are frequently encountered in high-energy trauma and can lead to spinal instability and neurological deficits. Surgical stabilization is often necessary for unstable fractures, fracture-dislocations, or injuries with neurological compromise. Techniques such as posterior pedicle screw fixation, transpedicular osteosynthesis, and combined anterior-posterior approaches provide rigid spinal stabilization, restore alignment, and facilitate early mobilization. This article reviews the indications, surgical techniques, and outcomes of surgical stabilization for lower thoracic and lumbar spine fractures.