MIKRO- VA NANOPLASTIKLAR – OZIQ-OVQAT MAHSULOTLARIDAGI KONTAMINANTLARNING IMMUN TIZIMGA TA’SIRI
Keywords:
Kalit so‘zlarL Mikroplastiklar, nanoplastiklar, immun tizimi, yallig‘lanish, oksidlovchi stress, sitokinlar, oshqozon-ichak tizimi, jigar.Abstract
Ushbu maqolada mikro- va nanoplastiklarning (MP va NP) atrof-muhitda keng
tarqalishi hamda ularning inson organizmiga, xususan immun tizimiga ta’siri tahlil
qilingan. Tadqiqotlarda MP va NP oziq-ovqat mahsulotlari, ichimlik suvi va atmosfera
orqali inson organizmiga kirishi, oshqozon-ichak tizimi, o‘pka va boshqa organlarda
to‘planishi mumkinligi ko‘rsatilgan. Ushbu zarrachalar hujayra darajasida oksidlovchi
stress, yallig‘lanish jarayonlari va immunoregulyatsiya buzilishlarini keltirib chiqarishi
aniqlangan. MP va NP makrofaglar faolligini o‘zgartirishi, proyallig‘lanish sitokinlari
(IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α va boshqalar) ishlab chiqarilishini kuchaytirishi hamda immun
tizimining turli signal yo‘llarini faollashtirishi mumkin. Eksperimental tadqiqotlar
mikroplastiklarning ichak mikroflorasi tarkibini o‘zgartirishi, to‘qimalarda
yallig‘lanish jarayonlarini kuchaytirishi va immun tizimi hujayralari faoliyatiga ta’sir
ko‘rsatishini ko‘rsatadi. Shuningdek, MP va NP ning reproduktiv tizim va metabolik
jarayonlarga ta’siri ham qayd etilgan. Natijalar mikro- va nanoplastiklarning
organizmda aseptik surunkali yallig‘lanish rivojlanishiga olib kelishi mumkinligini
ko‘rsatadi. Shu sababli ularning inson salomatligiga ta’sir mexanizmlarini chuqur
o‘rganish va xavfsizlik bahosini aniqlash dolzarb ilmiy muammo hisoblanadi.
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