SURUNKALI KASALLIKLARDA ERTA DIAGNOSTIKANING BEMOR NATIJALARIGA TA’SIRI: TIZIMLI TAHLIL
Keywords:
Kalit so‘zlar: surunkali kasalliklar, erta diagnostika, skrining, bemor natijalari, o‘lim, hayot sifati, tizimli tahlilAbstract
ABSTRACT
Surunkali kasalliklar (yuqori qon bosimi, qandli diabet, surunkali obstruktiv
o‘pka kasalligi, yurak yetishmovchiligi va boshqalar) dunyo bo‘yicha asosiy o‘lim va
nogironlik sababi hisoblanadi. Ushbu tizimli tahlilning maqsadi – erta
diagnostikaning bemorlarning uzoq muddatli natijalariga (o‘lim, hayot sifati,
kasallanish darajasi, asoratlar) ta’sirini baholashdir. 2010–2025 yillar oralig‘ida
nashr etilgan randomizatsiyalangan nazorat sinovlari, kohort tadqiqotlari va tizimli
tahlillarni o‘z ichiga olgan holda PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science bazalarida qidiruv
amalga oshirildi. 16 ta asosiy tadqiqot tanlab olindi va ularning sifati GRADE tizimi
orqali baholandi. Erta diagnostika (semptomlar paydo bo‘lishidan oldin yoki dastlabki
bosqichda aniqlash) bemorlarning 5 yillik o‘lim xavfini o‘rtacha 34% ga kamaytiradi
[Anderson va boshq., 2021, 45-bet]. Qandli diabetda erta glikemik nazorat
mikrovaskulyar asoratlar rivojlanish ehtimolini 28% ga pasaytiradi [Bergman, 2019,
112-bet]. Surunkali buyrak kasalligida erta albuminuriya skriningi terminal bosqich
buyrak yetishmovchiligiga o‘tishni 40% ga sekinlashtiradi [Chen va Li, 2022, 78-bet].
Hayot sifati ko‘rsatkichlari (SF-36 shkalasi bo‘yicha) erta diagnostika qilingan
guruhda o‘rtacha 22 balldan yuqori ekanligi aniqlandi [Davies, 2020, 203-
bet]. Surunkali kasalliklarda erta diagnostika bemor natijalarini sezilarli darajada
yaxshilaydi, o‘lim va asoratlar xavfini kamaytiradi. Tizimli skrining dasturlarini joriy
etish sog‘liqni saqlash siyosatining ustuvor yo‘nalishi bo‘lishi kerak.
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