COMPLIMENT AS AN INTEGRAL COMPONENT OF SPEECH ETIQUETTE IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGE
Keywords:
Key Words: compliment, speech etiquette, pragmatics, politeness, intercultural communication, English language, Uzbek languageAbstract
Abstract: Compliments constitute one of the most significant expressive speech acts in human communication. As an integral component of speech etiquette, compliments contribute to maintaining social harmony, reinforcing interpersonal relationships, and reflecting cultural values. This article provides a comparative analysis of compliments in English and Uzbek linguistic and cultural contexts. Drawing on pragmatic, sociolinguistic, and intercultural frameworks, the study examines structural patterns, communicative functions, response strategies, and sociocultural constraints governing the use of compliments. The findings reveal that while compliments perform universal social functions in both languages, their realization is deeply influenced by cultural norms such as individualism, collectivism, modesty, and power distance. The study emphasizes the importance of pragmatic competence in cross-cultural communication and foreign language teaching.
References
1. Austin, J. L. (1962). How to Do Things with Words. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
2. Searle, J. R. (1969). Speech Acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3. Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge University Press.
4. Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction Ritual. New York: Doubleday.
5. Holmes, J. (2013). An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. London: Routledge.
6. Wolfson, N. (1983). An empirically based analysis of complimenting in American English. Sociolinguistics, 82–95.
7. Olshtain, E. (1989). Talking about compliments. Applied Linguistics, 10(1), 33–44.
8. Locher, M. (2006). Politeness in Interaction. John Benjamins.
9. Barron, A. (2003). Acquisition in Interlanguage Pragmatics. John Benjamins.
10. Kuang, W., & Wang, N. (2008). Compliment response strategies. Journal of Pragmatics, 40(10), 1741–1755.
11. Matsumoto, Y. (1988). Reexamination of face and politeness. Journal of Pragmatics, 12(4), 403–426.
12. House, J., & Kasper, G. (1981). Politeness Markers in English and German. Mouton.
13. Karimova, S. (2019). Pragmatic features of compliments in Uzbek. Central Asian Linguistic Review, 4(2), 55–68.
14. Kadar, D. Z. (2010). Politeness in East Asia. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
