O’PKA RAKINING TASHXISIYOTI: KOMPYUTER TOMOGRAFIYASI VA ULTRATOVUSH TEKSHIRUVLARINING ZAMONAVIY IMKONIYATLARI
Keywords:
Kalit so’zlar: o’pka raki, kompyuter tomografiyasi, past dozali KT, ultratovush, endobronxial ultratovush, EBUS-TBNA, Lung-RADS 2022, erta tashxis, skrining, mediatsinal staging, diagnostik algoritm, sun’iy intellekt.Abstract
Annotatsiya: O’pka raki bugungi kunda butun dunyoda onkologik kasallanish va o’limning yetakchi sabablaridan biri bo’lib qolmoqda. Jahon sog’liqni saqlash tashkilotining 2025 yil ma’lumotlariga ko’ra, 2022 yilda dunyoda 2,5 million yangi o’pka raki holati qayd etilgan va 1,8 million bemor hayotdan ko’z yumgan. Kasallikning besh yillik omon qolish ko’rsatkichi ko’pgina mamlakatlarda 10–20% atrofida bo’lib qolayotganligi, ko’pchilik bemorlarning kasallikning ilg’or bosqichlarida tashxis olishi — ya’ni erta tashxisotning yetarli darajada amalga oshirilmasligi — bilan bevosita bog’liq. Bu esa o’pka rakini erta va aniq aniqlashga qaratilgan vizualizatsiya usullarini takomillashtirish masalasini tibbiyotning ustuvor yo’nalishiga aylantiradi.
Ushbu tadqiqotning maqsadi 2023–2026 yillar davomida nashr etilgan yuqori darajali ilmiy adabiyotlar asosida kompyuter tomografiyasi (KT) va ultratovush (UZD) tekshiruvlarining o’pka raki tashxisotidagi diagnostik samaradorligini baholash, Lung-RADS 2022 tasnif tizimini tahlil qilish, endobronxial ultratovush (EBUS) usullarining mediatsinal staging va gistologik verifikatsiyada tutgan o’rnini aniqlash hamda zamonaviy integratsiyalashgan diagnostik algoritmlarni tizimlashtirish va klinik amaliyotga tavsiyalar ishlab chiqishdan iborat.
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