BRUTSELLOZNING ETIOLOGIYASI, EPIDEMIOLOGIYASI, YUQISH YO’LLARI VA KLINIKASI
Abstract
Brutselyoz (brucellyoz, Brucellosis) — zoonoz tabiatli, surunkali kechuvchi, ko‘p organ va tizimlarni zararlovchi, inson va hayvonlar uchun umumiy yuqumli kasallik bo‘lib, Brucella turiga mansub bakteriyalar tomonidan chaqiriladi (Brucella melitensis, B. abortus, B. suis, B. canis) (WHO, 2023 [1]). Kasallik asosan chorvachilik bilan shug‘ullanuvchi aholida, veterinariya xodimlari, go‘sht sanoati va sut mahsulotlari bilan ishlovchilarda ko‘p uchraydi (CDC, 2024 [3]).Brucella bakteriyalari organizmga kontakt, alimentary (yuqtirilgan sut mahsulotlari orqali) yoki inhalatsion yo‘l bilan kiradi va retikuloendotelial tizimda ko‘payib, uzoq muddatli surunkali infektsiya holatini yuzaga keltiradi (Corbel, 2021 [5]). Brutselyozning klinik kechishi murakkab bo‘lib, isitma, bo‘g‘im og‘rigi, jigar va taloq kattalashishi, hamda reproduktiv tizim shikastlanishlari (ayollarda abort, erkaklarda orxit) bilan namoyon bo‘ladi (Seleem va boshq., 2020 [6]).
References
1. Franco MP, Mulder M, Gilman RH, Smits HL. Human brucellosis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2007;7:775–86. 10.1016/S1473-3099(07)70286-4
2. Franc KA, Krecek RC, Häsler BN, Arenas-Gamboa AM. Brucellosis remains a neglected disease in the developing world: a call for interdisciplinary action. BMC Public Health. 2018;18:125. 10.1186/s12889-017-5016-y
3. McDermott J, Grace D, Zinsstag J. Economics of brucellosis impact and control in low-income countries. Rev Sci Tech. 2013;32:249–61. 10.20506/rst.32.1.2197
4. Corbel MJ. Brucellosis in humans and animals. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2006.
5. World Organisation for Animal Health. WAHIS: World Animal Health Information System [cited 2023 Jul 20].
6. Akakpo AJ, Têko-Agbo A, Koné P. The impact of brucellosis on the economy and public health in Africa. Presented at: Conference of the OIE Regional Commission for Africa; February 23–27, 2009; N’Djamena, Chad.
7. Cárdenas L, Awada L, Tizzani P, Cáceres P, Casal J. Characterization and evolution of countries affected by bovine brucellosis (1996-2014). Transbound Emerg Dis. 2019;66:1280–90. 10.1111/tbed.13144
8. Laine CG, Scott HM, Arenas-Gamboa AM. Human brucellosis: Widespread information deficiency hinders an understanding of global disease frequency. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2022;16:e0010404. 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010404
9. Pappas G, Papadimitriou P, Akritidis N, Christou L, Tsianos EV. The new global map of human brucellosis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2006;6:91–9. 10.1016/S1473-3099(06)70382-6
10. Dean AS, Crump L, Greter H, Hattendorf J, Schelling E, Zinsstag J. Clinical manifestations of human brucellosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6:e1929. 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001929
11. Dean AS, Crump L, Greter H, Schelling E, Zinsstag J. Global burden of human brucellosis: a systematic review of disease frequency. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6:e1865. 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001865
12. Stevens GA, Alkema L, Black RE, Boerma JT, Collins GS, Ezzati M, et al. ; The GATHER Working Group. Guidelines for accurate and transparent health estimates reporting: the GATHER statement. Lancet. 2016;388:e19–23. 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30388-9
13. World Bank Group. Population estimates and projections. In: Data catalog. 2021. [cited 2023 Jul 20].
14. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 2019 Revision of world population prospects. New York: United Nations; 2019. [cited 2023 Jul 250].
15. Njeru J, Wareth G, Melzer F, Henning K, Pletz MW, Heller R, et al. Systematic review of brucellosis in Kenya: disease frequency in humans and animals and risk factors for human infection. BMC Public Health. 2016;16:853. 10.1186/s12889-016-3532-9
16. McDermott JJ, Arimi SM. Brucellosis in sub-Saharan Africa: epidemiology, control and impact. Vet Microbiol. 2002;90:111–34. 10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00249-3
17. Roy S, McElwain TF, Wan Y. A network control theory approach to modeling and optimal control of zoonoses: case study of brucellosis transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011;5:e1259. 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001259
18. Jackson DS, Nydam DV, Altier C. Prevalence and risk factors for brucellosis in domestic yak Bos grunniens and their herders in a transhumant pastoralist system of Dolpo, Nepal. Prev Vet Med. 2014;113:47–58. 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.09.016
19. Ndengu M, Matope G, de Garine-Wichatitsky M, Tivapasi M, Scacchia M, Bonfini B, et al. Seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle and selected wildlife species at selected livestock/wildlife interface areas of the Gonarezhou National Park, Zimbabwe. Prev Vet Med. 2017;146:158–65. 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.08.004]
20. Assenga JA, Matemba LE, Muller SK, Malakalinga JJ, Kazwala RR. Epidemiology of Brucella infection in the human, livestock and wildlife interface in the Katavi-Rukwa ecosystem, Tanzania. BMC Vet Res. 2015;11:189. 10.1186/s12917-015-0504-8
21. Ibironke AA, McCrindle CM, Fasina FO, Godfroid J. Evaluation of problems and possible solutions linked to the surveillance and control of bovine brucellosis in sub-Saharan Africa, with special emphasis on Nigeria. Vet Ital. 2008;44:549–56.
22. Bagheri Nejad R, Krecek RC, Khalaf OH, Hailat N, Arenas-Gamboa AM. Brucellosis in the Middle East: Current situation and a pathway forward. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14:e0008071. 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008071
23. Negrón ME, Kharod GA, Bower WA, Walke H. Notes from the field: human Brucella abortus RB51 infections caused by consumption of unpasteurized domestic dairy products—United States, 2017–2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68:185. 10.15585/mmwr.mm6807a6
