BILINGUALISM AND ITS EFFECTS ON BRAIN FUNCTION
Keywords:
Bilingualism; Brain function; Cognitive processes; Neuroplasticity; Executive control; Cognitive reserve.Abstract
Bilingualism—the ability to fluently use two languages—has been studied
globally for its effects on brain structure and cognitive function. Research over the past
decades indicates that bilingual experience influences executive control, neural
connectivity, and brain development. This paper reviews key empirical findings from
studies conducted in Europe, North America, and Asia, incorporating neuroimaging
and developmental research. The reviewed studies demonstrate that bilingualism can
shape both cognitive performance and brain anatomy, with effects observable across
the lifespan from childhood to adulthood.
References
1. De Bot, K., et al. The effect of bilingualism on brain development. Brain
Structure and Function. Published 20 July 2020.
2. Voits, T. et al. The effects of bilingualism on hippocampal volume in ageing
bilinguals. Brain Struct Funct. Published 05 January 2022.
3. Liu, X., et al. Effect of bilingualism on functional neuroplasticity of the
cerebellum. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition. (2024).
4.Mamadiyorova S. O. qizi & Safarova N. J. Bilingualism and its effects on brain
function. Modern Education and Development. Dec 10, 2024.
5.Elliott M.R. et al. Bilingualism and cognitive reserve long-term study.
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition. Published online 1 March 2024.
