URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS AND THEIR CAUSATIVE PATHOGENS
Keywords:
Urinary tract infection, hematuria, cystitis, urethritis, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, laboratory investigations, instrumental investigations, treatment, antibiotic susceptibility testing (antibiogram), prevention, urological standards.Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common pathological conditions
in urology, affecting individuals of various age groups and potentially leading to
serious complications. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the etiological
factors, microbiological characteristics, and pathogenesis of UTIs, as well as the
causative microorganisms, based on current scientific evidence. Diagnostic criteria are
established using modern laboratory and instrumental methods and are discussed in
correlation with relevant clinical and hygienic recommendations. Furthermore,
contemporary treatment strategies for microorganism-induced urinary tract diseases
are reviewed, including the principles of antibacterial therapy and the significance of
symptomatic and pathogenetic approaches.
References
• Antibiotics should be taken only under medical supervision
• Complete the full course of therapy
• Do not discontinue treatment after symptom resolution
