NEFT MAHSULOTLARIDAN YUQORI QIYMATLI KIMYOVIY XOM ASHYO OLISH ZAMONAVIY USULLARI
Keywords:
neft qayta ishlash, olefinlar, BTX aromatiklar, katalitik kreking, bug' parchalanishi, metanoldan olefinlar, petrokimyo, propilen, etilenAbstract
Neft va gaz zahiralari cheklanganligi sababli, mavjud neft
konlaridan maksimal foyda olish va yuqori qiymatli kimyoviy xom-ashyo ishlab
chiqarish dolzarb muammoga aylangan. Ushbu maqolada neft mahsulotlaridan etilen,
propilen, BTX aromatiklar (benzol, toluol va ksilol) kabi asosiy petrokimyoviy xom
ashyolarni olishning zamonaviy usullari tahlil qilinadi. Bug' parchalanishi (steam
cracking), katalitik kreking (FCC), gidrokrekking va metanoldan olefinlar olish (MTO)
jarayonlarining asosiy tamoyillari, afzalliklari va cheklovlari ko'rib chiqiladi.
Tadqiqotlar shuni ko'rsatdiki, yuqori og'irlikdagi FCC usullari propilen ishlab
chiqarishni 10-15% dan 40% gacha oshirish imkonini beradi. MTO texnologiyasi
metanoldan 80% gacha etilen va propilen olish samaradorligini ta'minlaydi. Maqolada,
shuningdek, O'zbekiston kabi rivojlanayotgan mamlakatlar uchun eng maqbul
texnologiyalar tavsiya etiladi.
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