STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL MITOCHONDRIAL CHANGES IN CHRONIC HEART FAILURE
Keywords:
Keywords: mitochondrial dysfunction, heart failure, oxidative stress, apoptosis, energy deficit, cardiomyocytes, mitophagy, calcium homeostasis, fibrosis, myocardial remodeling.Abstract
Abstract
Chronic heart failure remains one of the most severe cardiovascular syndromes
associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Increasing evidence indicates
that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in the progression of heart failure
by disrupting energy production, redox balance, and calcium homeostasis in
cardiomyocytes. Impaired mitochondrial dynamics, including altered fusion, fission,
and mitophagy, lead to the accumulation of damaged organelles and progressive
cellular injury. Structural and functional mitochondrial alterations are closely
associated with myocardial remodeling, fibrosis, and contractile dysfunction. This
review summarizes current data on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic
heart failure, highlighting its contribution to disease progression and its potential as a
therapeutic target for restoring myocardial energy homeostasis.
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