PATHOGENESIS AND ETIOLOGY OF CHRONIC MYELOPROLIFERATIVE NEOPLASMS (CMPNS): A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Keywords:
Keywords: Chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms, CMPNs, pathogenesis, etiology, JAK2 mutation, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, primary myelofibrosis, hematopoiesisAbstract
Abstract
Chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (CMPNs) are a heterogeneous group of
hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by the clonal proliferation of one or
more myeloid lineages. The main subtypes include chronic myeloid leukemia (CML),
polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis
(PMF). These disorders share common pathogenic mechanisms, often involving
mutations in genes such as JAK2, CALR, and MPL, leading to dysregulated signaling
pathways and abnormal hematopoiesis. This review summarizes the current
understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of CMPNs, highlighting molecular
mechanisms, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and potential therapeutic
targets.
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