МORPHOLOGICAL RESULT OF DENTAL IMPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
Keywords:
Keywords: dental implantation, immune homeostasis, systemic disease, oral mucosa, periodontal inflammation, immunocompetent cellsAbstract
Abstract Dental implantation is increasingly performed in older populations,
who frequently present with systemic comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus. The
present study aimed to identify morphological predictors associated with postoperative
complications and implant success in this high-risk cohort. A total of 30 patients aged
40–65 years were examined, including individuals with varying severity of periodontal
disease. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses of gingival tissues were
conducted to assess local immune responses. The findings demonstrate that alterations
in mucosal immune homeostasis—particularly increased mast cell density,
macrophage infiltration, and antigen-presenting cell activity—are strongly associated
with postoperative complications. Patients with diabetes exhibited significantly higher
rates of inflammatory responses and delayed healing. Morphological changes in
trabecular bone structure correlated with disease severity and implant prognosis. These
results suggest that immunocompetent cells within the oral mucosa may serve as
reliable biomarkers for predicting implant outcomes. Preoperative immunomodulatory
strategies and careful patient selection are critical to improving clinical success rates.
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