LAKTOZA INTOLERANTLIGI VA BOLALARDA KUZATILADIGAN PATOFIZIOLOGIK O‘ZGARISHLAR
Keywords:
KALIT SO‘ZLAR: Laktoza intolerantligi, laktaza etishmovchiligi, bolalar, patofiziologiya, laktoza malabsorbtsiyasi, parhez boshqaruvi, diagnostika, galaktozemiya.Abstract
ANNOTATSIYA: Laktoza intolerantligi – bu ingichka ichak shilliq qavatidaji
laktaza fermenti faolligining yetishmasligi natijasida sutda mavjud bo‘lgan asosiy
disaxarid – laktozani hazm qila olmaslik sindromidir. Bu holat pediatriya amaliyotida
keng tarqalgan bo‘lib, sut mahsulotlarini iste’mol qilgandan keyin qorin og‘rig‘i,
qorinning shishishi, ko‘pchish va ich ketishi kabi oshqozon-ichak trakti simptomlarini
keltirib chiqaradi. Bolalar uchun sut o‘sish va rivojlanish uchun muhim oziq moddasi
bo‘lganligi sababli, Laktoza Intolerantligi jiddiy muammo tug‘diradi. Ushbu sharh
laktoza singdirilmasligiga olib keladigan patofiziologik mexanizmlarni, uning
birlamchi (genetik belgilanadigan), ikkilamchi (o‘tkir gastroenterit, keliak kasalligi va
boshqalar kabi ichak kasalliklaridan kelib chiqadigan) va tug‘ma (juda kam
uchraydigan) shakllarini batafsil ko‘rib chiqadi. Bolalarda klinik ko‘rinishlar,
diagnostika usullari (nafasdagi vodorod testi, qon glyukoza testi, najasning kislotalik
testi) muhokama qilinadi. Bolalarda Laktoza Intolerantligi bilan bog‘liq asosiy
muammo – kaltsiy, D vitamini va boshqa muhim ozuqa moddalarining
yetishmovchiligining oldini olishni hisobga olgan holda samarali parhez boshqaruvini
ta’minlashdir. Maqolada parhez aralashmalari, laktaza qo‘shimchalari,
probiotiklardan foydalanish va global epidemiologik ma’lumotlar tahli qilinadi.
Maqsad – pediatrlar, oilaviy shifokorlar va ota-onalar uchun bolalarda laktoza
intolerantligini tushunish, to‘g‘ri tashxislash va kompleks boshqarish bo‘yicha amaliy
qo‘llanma taqdim etish.
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