BUXORO VILOYATI SUV HAVZALARIDA O‘SIMLIKLARI JAMOALARINING FLORISTIK–FITOTSENOTIK TUZILISHI, EKOLOGIK FUNKSIYALARI (SHARH)
Keywords:
Kalit so‘zlar: Buxoro viloyati, Ayakagitma, Karakir, Qoraqir, Dengizko‘l, Katta Tuzkon, makrofit, gidrofit, fitotsenoz, sho‘rlanish, bioindikatsiya, saprob suvo‘tlar, Chlorella; Scenedesmus.Abstract
Annotatsiya: Ushbu sharh maqolada Buxoro viloyatining turli tipdagi suv
havzalarida (Ayakagitma, Karakir, Qoraqir, Dengizko‘l, Katta Tuzkon hamda shahar
kollektor tizimlari) uchraydigan yuksak suv o‘simliklari (makrofitlar) va ayrim
mikroalga guruhlarining tarqalishi, floristik tarkibi, fitotsenotik tuzilishi hamda
ekologik funksiyalari tizimli umumlashtirildi. Kollektor-drenaj suvlari bilan
to‘yinadigan ko‘llarda suv chuqurligi, sho‘rlanish, shaffoflik va substrat xususiyati
makrofitlarning zonallanishi va dominant turlar ustuvorligini belgilovchi asosiy
omillar ekani ko‘rsatildi. Phragmites–Typha–Scirpus kabi gigrofitlar qirg‘oqbo‘yi
biotoplarida barqaror fitotsenozlar hosil qilib, baliqlar va suv qushlari uchun yashash
joyi, tabiiy yem bazasi hamda cho‘kindi ushlanishiga xizmat qiladi. Biroq sayoz
zonalarda o‘simlik qoplami haddan tashqari ortishi eutrofikatsiya va kislorod tanqisligi
xavfini kuchaytirishi mumkin. Dengizko‘l sharoitida Chlorella va Scenedesmus kabi
mikroyashil suvo‘tlar bo‘yicha olib borilgan izlanishlar oqsilga boy biomassa olish
salohiyatini ko‘rsatsatadi. Shahar kollektorlarida saprob suvo‘tlar asosida
bioindikatsiya yondashuvi suv sifatini tezkor, tejamkor monitoring qilish uchun
istiqbolli yo‘nalish sifatida baholandi. Sharh yakunida ko‘llar bo‘yicha
integratsiyalashgan monitoring va biomeliorativ boshqaruvga oid amaliy tavsiyalar
taqdim etildi.
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