ANTIK FALSAFADA INSONPARVARLIK VA SUBSTANSIONALLIK G‘OYALARINING RIVOJLANISHI: SUQROT, AFLOTUN, ARASTU VA BOSHQA FALSAFIY MAKTABLAR TAHLILI
Keywords:
Kalit so‘zlar: Antik falsafa, insonparvarlik, substansionallik, Suqrot, Aflotun, Arastu, Epikurchilik, stoitsizm, skeptitsizm, neo-aflotunchilik, o‘zingni angla, g‘oyalar olami, birinchi substansiya, logos, ataraksiya, evdemonizm.Abstract
Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada antik falsafaning insonparvarlik va
substansionallik g‘oyalari tizimli tahlil qilinadi. Qadimgi Yunoniston falsafasida inson
mohiyati, uning dunyodagi o‘rni va borliq bilan munosabatlarini anglash bosqichlari
Suqrot, Aflotun, Arastu, Epikur, stoitsizm, skeptitsizm va neo-aflotunchilik ta’limotlari
misolida yoritilgan. Maqolada Suqrotning “o‘zingni angla” tamoyili va “fazilat – bu
bilimdir” tezisi, Aflotunning g‘oyalar olami va inson ruhining abadiy substansiyasi
haqidagi ta’limoti, Arastuning birinchi va ikkinchi substansiyalar haqidagi nazariyasi
hamda uning “inson siyosiy hayvondir” degan tamoyili tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek,
Epikurning baxt va zavq falsafasi, stoitsizmning taqdirga bo‘ysunish va ichki erkinlik
haqidagi qarashlari, skeptitsizmning bilish chegaralari va hukmdan voz kechish
tamoyili hamda neo-aflotunchilikning Yagona va inson ruhining yuksalishi haqidagi
ta’limoti o‘rganilgan.
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