OPTIMIZATION OF REGENERATIVE BRAKING EFFICIENCY IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES: ADVANCED CONTROL STRATEGIES AND NOVEL DYNAMIC MODELING
Keywords:
Keywords: Electric vehicle, regenerative braking, energy recovery, torque optimization, battery charging efficiency, dynamic model, EV control systems.Abstract
Abstract
This paper presents an advanced analytical study on optimizing regenerative
braking efficiency in modern electric vehicles (EVs). A novel torque–based dynamic
model, an adaptive energy recovery strategy, and a multi-layer control algorithm are
proposed. The study incorporates new mathematical formulations, comparative tables,
and conceptual system diagrams. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed
method increases overall regenerative efficiency by 18–31% under diverse road and
driving conditions.
References
References
1. Ehsani, M., Gao, Y., Longo, S., & Ebrahimi, K. (2018). Modern electric, hybrid
electric, and fuel cell vehicles: Fundamentals, theory, and design (3rd ed.). CRC
Press.
2. Chan, C. C. (2007). The state of the art of electric, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles.
Proceedings of the IEEE, 95(4), 704–718.
3. Miller, J. M. (2010). Propulsion systems for hybrid vehicles (2nd ed.). The
Institution of Engineering and Technology.
4. Kim, M., Park, S., & Kim, H. (2019). Optimal regenerative braking control for
electric vehicles using slip ratio estimation. International Journal of Automotive
Technology, 20(6), 1179–1187.
5. Zhang, X., Wang, Z., & Li, G. (2019). Adaptive braking energy recovery control
for electric vehicles. Energy Conversion and Management, 198, 111–127.
6. Lukic, S., & Emadi, A. (2004). Effects of drivetrain architecture on regenerative
braking power. IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference, 55–63.
7. Hannan, M. A., Lipu, M. S. H., Hussain, A., & Mohamed, A. (2018). Energy
management strategies for electric vehicles—A review. Renewable and
Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, 3366–3378.
8. Manzetti, S., & Mariasiu, F. (2015). Electric vehicle battery technologies: From
present state to future systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 51,
1004–1012.
9. Shi, C., Xu, L., & Chen, Y. (2020). Dynamic torque distribution strategy for EV
regenerative braking. Applied Energy, 277, 115–143.
10. Tesla Inc. (2021). Regenerative Braking Technical Whitepaper. Tesla Motors.
11. Bosch. (2021). Automotive handbook (10th ed.). Wiley.
12. SAE International. (2020). Electric vehicle safety and energy management
standards (SAE J2929).
13. European Commission. (2022). Electric Mobility and Battery Technology
Report. Brussels.
14. Mamadaliyev, F. A. (2023). Traktorlar va avtomobillar nazariyasi asoslari.
Toshkent.
15. Tie, S. F., & Tan, C. W. (2013). A review of energy sources and energy
management system in electric vehicles. Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Reviews, 20, 82–102.